Promulgation of the Constitution of 1917
From the eventual triumph of the Carranza wing over the conventionists, led by Francisco Villa, during the development of the Revolution, the current Political Constitution of the United Mexican States was promulgated on February 5, 1917.
The current Political Constitution of the United Mexican States was promulgated on February 5, 1917; it was the result of the eventual triumph of the Carranza wing over the conventionists, led by Francisco Villa, during the development of the Revolution.
In September 1916, Venustiano Carranza, as First Chief of the Constitutionalist Army and in charge of the Executive Power of the Republic, modified articles 4, 5, and 6 of the Guadalupe Plan of 1914 to give way to the creation of a Constituent Congress.
The Constituent Congress was installed on December 1, 1916, in the Iturbide Theater in the city of Queretaro, after a national electoral process, organized specifically to analyze the constitutional project that Venustiano Carranza sent for its deliberation.
It is important to mention that the project of the First Chief of the Constitutionalist Army did not include the intention of drafting a new Magna Carta, but only to reform the text that was in force up to that moment: the Constitution of 1857.
In the text drafted by the orchestrator of the Plan of Guadalupe, it is recognized that: "... despite the indisputable goodness of the principles on which it rests (the Constitution of 1857) and the high ideal that the Government of the Nation aspires to achieve, it will continue to be inadequate for the satisfaction of public needs, and very propitious to re-establish another tyranny equal or similar to those that the country has too often had...".
The reform project sent by Carranza to the 1917 Congress did not consider the inclusion of social rights in the constitutional text, so the Constituent Congress decided to go further and included in the final project the promotion of free and secular public education, the regularization of land tenure by the State and types of property and the regulation of labor rights, as inalienable rights legally protected by the Mexican State.
The drafting of Articles 3, 27, and 123 gave the 1917 constitutional text its social and pro-guarantor character, which was of great influence, together with the German Weimar Constitution, in several countries, for the subsequent appearance of the social State, especially in western nations.
Nevertheless, the current Magna Carta has undergone various adjustments over time (to date, 251 decrees of reforms to various constitutional articles) as a result of the need to adapt its content to the changes that Mexican society has been experiencing for little more than a century after its approval.
