Mixteca Alta Geopark's Role in Sustaining Ancient Practices
Mixteca Alta Geopark in Oaxaca, a UNESCO World Geopark since 2017, blends ancient traditions and sustainable practices. Lamabordos, ancient agricultural terraces, capture water, sustain crops, and preserve biodiversity.
In the heart of Oaxaca lies the Mixteca Alta Geopark, a region embedded with historical significance, cultural diversity, and a commitment to sustainable practices. Since 2017, it has proudly held its place as a member of the World Network of Geoparks under the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Comprising nine municipalities and 16 communities, this geopark stands as a testament to the preservation of local customs and the harmonious coexistence of geodiversity, biodiversity, and cultural heritage.
The roots of the Mixteca Alta Geopark trace back to one of the earliest Mesoamerican settlements. Nestled near water sources and fertile lands, the inhabitants initially developed agriculture, paving the way for subsequent advancements, including a thriving ceramic industry and modernization.
A cornerstone of the local ethos is the concept of “tequio,” a term derived from the Nahuatl language, denoting voluntary community service for the common good. This selfless practice involves a range of activities, from preparing food for town festivals to reforesting and cleaning communal spaces. The collaborative spirit extends to religious activities, enhancing the native peoples' connection to their land.
Integral to the sustainable practices in the Mixteca Alta Geopark are the ancient lamabordos, agricultural terrace systems that have endured for over two millennia. Built along natural drainage channels or ravines, these terraces serve multiple purposes, from capturing water and containing soils to mitigating environmental degradation and creating productive land on steep slopes. They also provide a haven for biodiversity, reflecting the region's commitment to holistic environmental stewardship.
Explaining the significance of lamabordos, geographer Ramírez Miguel emphasized their role in managing surface runoff, retaining moisture, and forming rich soils ideal for agriculture. These terraces, shaped by the contours of the land, play a crucial role in sustaining crops like corn, pumpkin, and beans, echoing traditional agricultural practices that have withstood the test of time.
In the face of current challenges, such as dry periods and low rainfall, the lamabordos offer a resilient solution. These agricultural terraces harness the limited water resources effectively, providing a lifeline for communities during times of drought. Emphasizing the importance of preserving customs, Ramírez Miguel underscores how these terraces offer an alternative means of sustenance and resilience.
The establishment of the Mixteca Alta Geopark has not only safeguarded natural and cultural heritage but has also opened doors to visitors, particularly students and researchers. Projects spanning geoparks, geography, waste management, geology, paleontology, anthropology, tourism, education, archaeology, sustainable development, economy, migration, and traditional knowledge have flourished within this unique region.
As we celebrate the Mixteca Alta Geopark's commitment to preserving ancient traditions and fostering a sustainable future, it stands as a shining example of how geodiversity, biodiversity, and cultural diversity can coalesce harmoniously for of both present and future generations.
